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1 long-focal-length optics
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > long-focal-length optics
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2 long-focal-length optics
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > long-focal-length optics
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3 long-focal-length optics
Универсальный англо-русский словарь > long-focal-length optics
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4 long focal-length optics
English-Russian electronics dictionary > long focal-length optics
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5 long focal-length optics
The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > long focal-length optics
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6 long-focal-length optics
Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > long-focal-length optics
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7 optics
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achromatic optics
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adaptive optics
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anamorphotic optics
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aspheric optics
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camera optics
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cine optics
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coated optics
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coherent fiber optics
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collimating optics
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condensing optics
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continuously deformable mirror optics
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CPB optics
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crystal optics
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deformable optics
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deformable-mirror optics
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diffraction optics
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diffraction-limited optics
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electron optics
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electronically-adjusted optics
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erectable optics
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fast optics
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fiber optics
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flexible optics
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fluorite optics
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folded optics
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Fourier optics
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geometrical optics
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geometric optics
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graphite fiber-reinforced glass matrix composite optics
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high aperture optics
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holographic optics
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illumination optics
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image-forming optics
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incoherent fiber optics
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infrared optics
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integrated optics
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ion beam-forming optics
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ion optics
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large aperture optics
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lens optics
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light-transmission optics
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light optics
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long-focal-length optics
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LWIR optics
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mirror optics
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motion-picture camera optics
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nonlinear optics
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NPB optics
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phase-conjugate optics
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photographic optics
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physical optics
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physiological optics
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piston optics
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polarizing optics
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projection optics
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ray optics
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reduction optics
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reflective optics
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replicated optics
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replica optics
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scanning optics
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schlieren optics
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segmented optics
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self-phasing optics
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slow optics
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speed optics
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ultraviolet optics
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variable anamorphotic optics
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wave optics
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X-ray optics -
8 optics
а) наукав) оптическое оборудование; оптические приборы; оптическая система- adaptive optics
- biospeckle optics
- camera optics
- Cassegrain optics
- coated optics
- collimated optics
- condensing optics
- crystal optics
- diffraction optics
- electron optics
- fiber optics
- Fourier optics
- fractal optics
- Gaussian beam optics
- geometrical optics
- guided-wave optics
- high aperture optics
- holographic optics
- infrared optics
- integrated optics
- interface optics
- ion optics
- large aperture optics
- lens optics
- light optics
- light-transmission optics
- long focal-length optics
- magneto-optics
- matrix optics
- metal optics
- microwave optics
- mirror optics
- molecular optics
- nonlinear optics
- parametric optics
- physical optics
- polarization optics
- projection optics
- quantum optics
- ray optics
- reflective optics
- scanning optics
- schlieren optics
- step-and-repeat optics
- thin-film optics
- ultraviolet optics
- wave optics
- X-ray optics -
9 optics
а) наукав) оптическое оборудование; оптические приборы; оптическая система•- adaptive optics
- biospeckle optics
- camera optics
- Cassegrain optics
- coated optics
- collimated optics
- condensing optics
- crystal optics
- diffraction optics
- electron optics
- fiber optics
- Fourier optics
- fractal optics
- Gaussian beam optics
- geometrical optics
- guided-wave optics
- high aperture optics
- holographic optics
- infrared optics
- integrated optics
- interface optics
- ion optics
- large aperture optics
- lens optics
- light optics
- light-transmission optics
- long focal-length optics
- magneto-optics
- matrix optics
- metal optics
- microwave optics
- mirror optics
- molecular optics
- nonlinear optics
- parametric optics
- physical optics
- polarization optics
- projection optics
- quantum optics
- ray optics
- reflective optics
- scanning optics
- schlieren optics
- step-and-repeat optics
- thin-film optics
- ultraviolet optics
- wave optics
- X-ray opticsThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > optics
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10 optics
оптика; оптические устройства -
11 длиннофокусная оптика
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > длиннофокусная оптика
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12 длиннофокусная оптическая система
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > длиннофокусная оптическая система
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13 длиннофокусная оптика
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > длиннофокусная оптика
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14 длиннофокусная оптическая система
Англо-русский словарь технических терминов > длиннофокусная оптическая система
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15 Petzval, Josef Max
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 1807 Spisska-Beila, Hungaryd. 17 September 1891 Vienna, Austria[br]Hungarian mathematician and photographic-lens designer, inventor of the first "rapid" portrait lens.[br]Although born in Hungary, Petzval was the son of German schoolteacher. He studied engineering at the University of Budapest and after graduation was appointed to the staff as a lecturer. In 1835 he became the University's Professor of Higher Mathematics. Within a year he was offered a similar position at the more prestigious University of Vienna, a chair he was to occupy until 1884.The earliest photographic cameras were fitted with lenses originally designed for other optical instruments. All were characterized by small apertures, and the long exposures required by the early process were in part due to the "slow" lenses. As early as 1839, Petzval began calculations with the idea of producing a fast achromatic objective for photographic work. For technical advice he turned to the Viennese optician Peter Voigtländer, who went on to make the first Petzval portrait lens in 1840. It had a short focal length but an extremely large aperture for the day, enabling exposure times to be reduced to at least one tenth of that required with other contemporary lenses. The Petzval portrait lens was to become the basic design for years to come and was probably the single most important development in making portrait photography possible; by capturing public imagination, portrait photography was to drive photographic innovation during the early years.Petzval later fell out with Voigtländer and severed his connection with the company in 1845. When Petzval was encouraged to design a landscape lens in the 1850s, the work was entrusted to another Viennese optician, Dietzler. Using some early calculations by Petzval, Voigtländer was able to produce a similar lens, which he marketed in competition, and an acrimonious dispute ensued. Petzval, embittered by the quarrel and depressed by a burglary which destroyed years of records of his optical work, abandoned optics completely in 1862 and devoted himself to acoustics. He retired from his professorship on his seventieth birthday, respected by his colleagues but unloved, and lived the life of a recluse until his death.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the Hungarian Academy of Science 1873.Further ReadingJ.M.Eder, 1945, History of Photography, trans. E. Epstean, New York (provides details of Petzval's life and work; Eder claims he was introduced to Petzval by mutual friends and succeeded in obtaining personal data).Rudolf Kingslake, 1989, A History of the Photographic Lens, Boston (brief biographical details).L.W.Sipley, 1965, Photography's Great Inventors, Philadelphia (brief biographical details).JW
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